Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2011 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 6 Articles
We consider blind equalization for block transmissions over the frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel. In the absence of pilot symbols, the receiver must be able to perform joint equalization and blind channel identification. Relying on a mixed discretecontinuous state-space representation of the communication system, we introduce a blind Bayesian equalization algorithm based on a Gaussian mixture parameterization of the a posteriori probability density function (pdf) of the transmitted data and the channel. The performances of the proposed algorithm are compared with existing blind equalization techniques using numerical simulations for quasi-static and time-varying frequency selective wireless channels....
A cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna is proposed as a radiator for an active integrated antenna. Harmonic tuning, which is the key step in designing active antenna radiators, is achieved via a combination of shape factor control over the resonator and insertion of reactive elements in the feed system. Numerical simulations are carried out in a finite elements framework and a layout for the complete antenna is proposed, aimed at compactness for subsequent utilization of the radiator as an element in an active array for satellite communications....
We consider sensor-based distributed source localization applications, where sensors transmit quantized data to a fusion node, which then produces an estimate of the source location. For this application, the goal is to minimize the amount of information that the sensor nodes have to exchange in order to attain a certain source localization accuracy.We propose a distributed encoding algorithm that is applied after quantization and achieves significant rate savings by merging quantization bins. The bin-merging technique exploits the fact that certain combinations of quantization bins at each node cannot occur because the corresponding spatial regions have an empty intersection. We apply the algorithm to a system where an acoustic amplitude sensor model is employed at each node for source localization. Our experiments demonstrate significant rate savings (e.g., over 30%, 5 nodes, and 4 bits per node) when our novel bin-merging algorithms are used....
There has been a recent interest in the application of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication concepts to radars. Recent literature discusses optimization of orthogonal frequency-hopping waveforms for MIMO radars, based on a newly formulated MIMO ambiguity function. Existing literature however makes the assumption of small target Doppler.We first extend the scope of this ambiguity function to large values of target Doppler.We introduce the concept of hit-matrix in the MIMO context, which is based on the hit-array, which has been used extensively in the context of frequency-hopping waveforms for phasedarray radars. We then propose new methods to obtain near optimal waveforms in both the large and small Doppler scenarios. Under the large Doppler scenario, we propose the use of a cost function based on the hit-matrix which offers a significantly lower computational complexity as compared to an ambiguity based cost function, with no loss in code performance. In the small Doppler scenario, we present an algorithm for directly designing the waveform from certain properties of the ambiguity function in conjunction with the hit-matrix. Finally, we introduce ââ?¬Å?weighted optimizationââ?¬Â wherein we mask the cost function used in the heuristic search algorithm to reflect the properties of the required ambiguity function....
We investigate the use of single carrier frequency domain equalization (SCFDE) over a diffuse optical wireless (DOW) communications. Recently orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been applied to DOW communications. However, due to high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), the performance of OFDM can severely be affected by the nonlinear characteristics of light emitting diodes (LED). To avoid a PAPR problem, we present in this paper a modified form of SCFDE for DOWcommunications.We propose three different ways of using SCFDE with DOWcommunications and show that they exhibit lower PAPR and provide better bit-error rate (BER) performance in the presence of the LED nonlinearity....
The aim of this study was to investigate a possible link between cellular telephone use and risks for various diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). We conducted a large nationwide cohort study of 420 095 persons whose first cellular telephone subscription was between 1982 and 1995, who were followed through 2003 for hospital contacts for a diagnosis of a CNS disorder. Standardized hospitalization ratios (SHRs) were derived by dividing the number of hospital contacts in the cohort by the number expected in the Danish population. The SHRs were increased by 10ââ?¬â??20% for migraine and vertigo. No associations were seen for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis or epilepsy in women. SHRs decreased by 30ââ?¬â??40% were observed for dementia (Alzheimer disease, vascular and other dementia), Parkinson disease and epilepsy among men. In analyses restricted to subscribers of 10 years or more, the SHRs remained similarly increased for migraine and vertigo and similarly decreased for Alzheimer disease and other dementia and epilepsy (in men); the other SHRs were close to unity. In conclusion, the excesses of migraine and vertigo observed in this first study on cellular telephones and CNS disease deserve further attention. An interplay of a healthy cohort effect and reversed causation bias due to prodromal symptoms impedes detection of a possible association with dementia and Parkinson disease. Identification of the factors that result in a healthy cohort might be of interest for elucidation of the etiology of these diseases....
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